Linux apt-get镜像源配置

一、apt-get命令

命令	解释
apt-get install	一键安装软件包，与源码安装不同的是，这个指令会自动检测并安装依赖，而且用apt-get安装的包都是成熟的软件包，基本不存在安装包有严重bug或者文件缺失的情况。
apt-get install -y	这里主要将的就是-y选项，添加这个选项就相当于不需要重复地确认安装
apt-get install -q	即-quiet，静默安装，当然也不是完全静默，会将低等级的log信息屏蔽。
apt-get autoremove	删除为了满足依赖而安装的，但现在不再需要的软件包（包括已安装包），保留配置文件； 高能警告：慎用本命令！！！ 它会在你不知情的情况下，一股脑删除很多“它认为”你不再使用的软件；
apt-get remove	删除已安装的软件包（保留配置文件），不会删除依赖软件包，保留配置文件；
apt-get purge	删除已安装的软件包（不保留配置文件)，删除软件包，同时删除相应依赖软件包；
apt-get –purge remove	同apt-get purge
apt-get autoclean	删除为了满足某些依赖安装的，但现在不再需要的软件包； apt的底层包是dpkg, 而dpkg安装软件包时, 会将*.deb文件放在/var/cache/apt/archives/中； 因此本命令会删除该目录下已经过期的deb；
apt-get clean	删除已经安装过的的软件安装包； 即自动将/var/cache/apt/archives/下的所有deb删掉，相当于清理下载的软件安装包；

 apt-get命令需要超级用户身份，需加上sudo。

二、apt-get修改镜像源

1.备份

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

2.镜像源

# 阿里镜像
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 中科大
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 搜狐源
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 网易源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

3.更新

apt-get update
apt update
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade